A new study published in the journal Nature sheds light on the higher rates of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Northwestern Europe compared to other regions. Researchers have identified a genetic link between the ancient Yamnaya people and the increased risk of the autoimmune disease in the region today. The Yamnaya migrated to Northwestern Europe around 5,000 years ago, bringing with them their wagons, cattle, and sheep, as well as genetic variants that are believed to have protected them against diseases carried by these animals.
By comparing ancient DNA samples from teeth and bones with data from the UK Biobank, researchers discovered that the same genetic variants that protected the Yamnaya against livestock diseases ended up raising the risk of MS as sanitary conditions improved over time. The Yamnaya lived in a different environment where exposure to pathogens from animals was more common. However, as human populations developed better sanitation practices, these genetic variants became “surplus to our immunological requirements.”
The researchers behind the study argue that MS is not caused by mutations, but rather by normal genes that aim to protect us against pathogens. This new understanding marks a significant leap in our comprehension of the disease. MS is twice as common in Northern Europe compared to Southern Europe, and this study offers valuable insights into the contributing factors.
The Yamnaya, known as Europe’s first true nomads, originated from the steppes of present-day Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. They replaced the existing farming communities and brought their domesticated animals, relying on wagons to transport everything. The physical movements and interactions with the environment created a genetic legacy that continues to impact the health of the population in Northwestern Europe today.
These findings also suggest a potential approach for MS treatment. Instead of suppressing the immune system, recalibrating it could be more beneficial. This insight opens doors for further research into developing new therapies and interventions for individuals living with MS. Understanding our genetic history allows us to better adapt to the environment we have created for ourselves in modern times.
The source of the article is from the blog queerfeed.com.br