A Chinese quantum computing company, Origin Quantum, has recently launched its third-generation quantum computer called Wukong. Wukong utilizes a 72-qubit superconducting quantum chip called KF-C72-300. The chip can operate at extremely low temperatures close to absolute zero.
Unlike the previously planned launch date in July 2023, the company decided to release Wukong earlier this month. The production process of the quantum chip was revealed through an interview on China Central Television (CCTV) in January 2023. Jia Zhilong, the deputy director of the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center, provided a detailed explanation of each step and machine used in the production.
It is worth noting that Origin Quantum relies on foreign machines for the production of its quantum chips. One particular machine used in the process is the MA/BA8 Gen4 mask aligner, which is made by Germany’s SÜSS MicroTec. Another machine used is the QBT-J four-chamber ultra-high vacuum (UHV) coating system, manufactured by Yuomao Technology, a Chinese company based in Xiamen.
Yuomao Technology received significant funding in December 2021 from Sequoia Capital, a venture capital firm based in California. The coating process of the quantum chip involves vacuum evaporation deposition and utilizes an electronic beam lithography technology. While the origin of this technology is not revealed in the video, Japan is known to be a dominant player in the e-beam lithography market.
Once the quantum chip is produced, Origin Quantum subjects it to various tests and packaging processes using mature technology available in China.
Although there are concerns about the potential violation of US chip export controls, experts believe that the rules primarily focus on restricting China’s access to advanced computing chips rather than quantum ones. Origin Quantum’s production line was established before the imposition of US export controls, further reducing the likelihood of any violations.
With the introduction of Wukong and its advanced quantum chip, Origin Quantum continues to make notable progress in the field of quantum computing in China.